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Original Research 
PBS. 2022; 12(3): 99-105

doi: 10.5455/PBS.20220412092734


Peer bullying, anxiety, and depression levels among Turkish children with Childhood Onset Fluency Disorder (COFD): A single-center, case-control study

Fethiye Kılıcaslan, Ekrem Cicek, Sumeyra Gungoren, Meryem Ozlem Kutuk, Ali Evren Tufan.


Abstract
Objective: Childhood Onset Fluency Disorder (COFD) is associated with elevated levels of emotional/ behavioral problems and peer bullying. Studies on Turkish children with COFD are limited. We aimed to evaluate rates of peer bullying and its relationships with stuttering severity and symptoms of depression and anxiety among Turkish children with COFD.
Method: Forty 8-12 years old children with COFD without comorbid neurological/ medical disorders and 36 age- and gender-matched controls were evaluated with self-report scales for depression, trait/ state anxiety and peer bullying. Stuttering severity was evaluated with Stuttering Severity Instrument-4. Multivariate and bivariate analyses were used in comparisons. P was set at 0.05.
Results: COFD group had significantly elevated depression and state anxiety scores while trait anxiety was elevated but at trend levels. 52.5 % of children with COFD was bullied while this rate was 27.8 % for controls (Odds Ratio= 2.9). Bullying was not related with gender, self-reported symptoms and stuttering severity.
Conclusion: Standardized trainings/practices should be introduced among Turkish speech and language therapists to screen and address peer bullying, depression, and anxiety among children with COFD in collaboration with child and adolescent psychiatrists.

Key words: Stuttering, children, bullying, anxiety, depression


 
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How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

Kılıcaslan F, Cicek E, Gungoren S, Kutuk MO, Tufan AE. Peer bullying, anxiety, and depression levels among Turkish children with Childhood Onset Fluency Disorder (COFD): A single-center, case-control study. PBS. 2022; 12(3): 99-105.

doi:10.5455/PBS.20220412092734

Web Style

Kılıcaslan F, Cicek E, Gungoren S, Kutuk MO, Tufan AE. Peer bullying, anxiety, and depression levels among Turkish children with Childhood Onset Fluency Disorder (COFD): A single-center, case-control study. https://www.pbsciences.org/?mno=12052 [Access: June 27, 2026].

doi:10.5455/PBS.20220412092734

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Kılıcaslan F, Cicek E, Gungoren S, Kutuk MO, Tufan AE. Peer bullying, anxiety, and depression levels among Turkish children with Childhood Onset Fluency Disorder (COFD): A single-center, case-control study. PBS. 2022; 12(3): 99-105.


doi:10.5455/PBS.20220412092734

Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Kılıcaslan F, Cicek E, Gungoren S, Kutuk MO, Tufan AE. Peer bullying, anxiety, and depression levels among Turkish children with Childhood Onset Fluency Disorder (COFD): A single-center, case-control study. PBS. (2022), [cited June 27, 2026]; 12(3): 99-105.


doi:10.5455/PBS.20220412092734

Harvard Style

Kılıcaslan, F., Cicek, . E., Gungoren, . S., Kutuk, . M. O. & Tufan, . A. E. (2022) Peer bullying, anxiety, and depression levels among Turkish children with Childhood Onset Fluency Disorder (COFD): A single-center, case-control study. PBS, 12 (3), 99-105.


doi:10.5455/PBS.20220412092734

Turabian Style

Kılıcaslan, Fethiye, Ekrem Cicek, Sumeyra Gungoren, Meryem Ozlem Kutuk, and Ali Evren Tufan. 2022. Peer bullying, anxiety, and depression levels among Turkish children with Childhood Onset Fluency Disorder (COFD): A single-center, case-control study. Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, 12 (3), 99-105.


doi:10.5455/PBS.20220412092734

Chicago Style

Kılıcaslan, Fethiye, Ekrem Cicek, Sumeyra Gungoren, Meryem Ozlem Kutuk, and Ali Evren Tufan. "Peer bullying, anxiety, and depression levels among Turkish children with Childhood Onset Fluency Disorder (COFD): A single-center, case-control study." Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences 12 (2022), 99-105.


doi:10.5455/PBS.20220412092734

MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Kılıcaslan, Fethiye, Ekrem Cicek, Sumeyra Gungoren, Meryem Ozlem Kutuk, and Ali Evren Tufan. "Peer bullying, anxiety, and depression levels among Turkish children with Childhood Onset Fluency Disorder (COFD): A single-center, case-control study." Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences 12.3 (2022), 99-105. Print.


doi:10.5455/PBS.20220412092734

APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Kılıcaslan, F., Cicek, . E., Gungoren, . S., Kutuk, . M. O. & Tufan, . A. E. (2022) Peer bullying, anxiety, and depression levels among Turkish children with Childhood Onset Fluency Disorder (COFD): A single-center, case-control study. Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, 12 (3), 99-105.


doi:10.5455/PBS.20220412092734

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